StephenHardy Feb 2020

More thanhalf of the data center switch ports shipped in 2024 will operate at data ratesof 100 Gbps or greater, predicts Dell?Oro Group in a new report. The high-speedport shipments will occur within the context of an overall market in 2024 ofmore than 60 million ports shipped, the marketresearch firm states in its new Ethernet Switch ? Data Center Five YearForecast Report.

While 100-Gbpsports have shipped for some time, Dell?Oro analysts expect deliveries of400-Gbps ports will begin to ramp by the end of this year and into early 2021.These 400-Gbps ports will be followed at some point during the forecast periodby 800-Gbps ports. Ports at 400 Gbps and greater will compose more than 25% ofshipments by 2024, Dell?Oro predicts.

?800 Gbps,400 Gbps, as well as new waves of 100 Gbps will be enabled by faster SerDestechnologies and higher -speed optics,? said Sameh Boujelbene, senior directorat Dell?Oro. ?Optics will continue to play a vital role in the data centerswitch market. The availability of high-volume, low-cost optics is crucial indriving any speed transition.

?Additionally,as network speed increases beyond 800 Gbps, pluggable optics will hit densityand power issues. Hence it will become imminent for the industry to adoptalternative options such as co-packaged optics (CPO). We expect such transition tobring major disruptions to the supply chain as it requires new business andserviceability models,? Boujelbene added.

The Ethernet Switch ? Data Center Five Year Forecast Reportdescribes market trends and includes tables covering manufacturers? revenue,port shipments, and average selling price forecasts for various technologies:Modular and Fixed by Port Speed; Fixed Managed and Unmanaged by Port Speed.Port speed demand assessed in the forecast include 1 Gbps, 10 Gbps, 25 Gbps, 40Gbps, 50 Gbps, 100 Gbps, 200 Gbps, and 400 Gbps.

Infinera(NASDAQ: INFN) has revealed partnerships with II-VI Inc. (NASDAQ: IIVI) andLumentum (NASDAQ:LITE) to advance the development of optical transceivers basedon the systems house’s XR optics technology. While the timeframe forcommercialization of such modules was not revealed initially, sources atInfinera tell Lightwave that products should be announced at some point thisyear.

XR opticstechnology made its debut at ECOC 2019 last September in Dublin. The technologyenables point-to-multipoint coherent transmission (see ?Infinera unveils XR optics single-source coherentpoint-to-multipoint transmission technology”), leveraging Infinera’sInfinite Capacity Engine and what Infinera terms ?coherent subcarrier aggregation”to enable Nyquist subcarriers or subcarrier bundles generated by a singlecoherent transmission source to be assigned to various endpoints. The approachwould significantly reduce the cost of hub-and-spoke architectures, Infinerabelieves.

As describedat the time, Infinera’s strategy is to deliver XR optics in the form ofpluggable coherent modules that could be inserted into router ports. (XR opticsmodules would need to be positioned at both ends of the coherent transmission.)The company said it would seek partners to ensure both the development of suchmodules and multiple sources of them. Infinera itself had announced previouslythat it plans to get into the pluggable module space (see ?Infinera offers Infinite Network pluggable coherent modulestrategy details”), making the company potentially one such source.

It appearsthat the collaboration could result in modules from all three partners. Whilethis conclusion wasn’t clear from the original announcements, a source atLumentum responded via an email to a Lightwave query that “Our intentionis to develop and market the XR Transceiver as a ‘Market Participant.’ Bothparties plan to jointly bring new interoperable transceivers to market based onthe Infinera DSP Device and the Lumentum TROSA.”

?Collaboratingwith Infinera leverages our deep experience in high-speed coherent componentsand pluggable modules to bring an innovative solution like XR optics tomarket,” commented Beck Mason, senior vice president and general manager ofLumentum’s Telecom Transmission Business, via Infinera’s press releaseannouncing their partnership. ?The XR optics concept aligns with our corestrategy to provide scalable and flexible coherent optical network solutionsthat enable higher speeds for next-generation transport networks.”

A sourceat Infinera wrote via email that the company and its partners would support aseries of XR optics modules in a variety of form factors and with varioustransmission rates. “Specific product announcements along with features,form factors, and implementation will be announced later this year,” thesource added.

A requestfor additional comment from II-VI remains unfulfilled. ?We are looking forwardto leveraging our highly integrated laser technology platform, coupled with ourindustry-leading optics and module expertise, together with Infinera’s coherentsubcarrier aggregation DSP and transmission expertise, to achievenext-generation coherent transceiver solutions,” said Matthias Berger, vicepresident, Coherent Optics Business Unit, at II-VI, in the press release thatannounced the company’s work with Infinera. ?This collaboration will enable usto jointly deliver digital coherent optics in small pluggable form-factors andwith low power consumption.”

Swiss operator Sunrise announced that Liberty Global will invest up to CHF 500 million in a combination of tradable rights and subsequent subscription of newly issued shares in the capital increase to finance the acquisition of UPC Switzerland. This was a demand of some Sunrise shareholders, who found the price of the takeover too high, and called for Liberty Global to share in the risk of merging the two operators.

As a result of the new terms, Liberty Global will hold a 7.8 percent stake in Sunrise at current market prices, and Sunrise will provide Liberty Global with the right to propose a representative for election to its board of directors at the next AGM. The terms of the takeover of UPC worth CHF 6.3 billion remain unchanged.

Mike Fries, CEO of Liberty Global, believes that the combination will create a challenger to Swisscom in the market, while Sunrise is convinced that investment in the rights issue by Liberty Global will lessen the financial commitment needed from its shareholders. Sunrise’s shareholders will vote on 23 October to approve the capital increase.

The Swiss regulatory authority, WEKO, has approved the deal without conditions, citing the fact that it will create the second largest telecommunications carrier in Switzerland and that the combination will stimulate competition.

Meanwhile,proxy advisors Glass Lewis, Ethos and zRating have announced their support for the proposed capital increase to finance the acquisition of UPC Switzerland.

Last week, proxy adviser ISS recommended that shareholders of Sunrise should reject the proposal for a capital increase. ISS noted that the “fair value”of UPC ranges from CHF 4.6 to CHF 5.2 billion, making the current valuation of CHF 6.3 billion excessive. Sunrise replied in a statement that the ISS report is misleading because of valuation inconsistencies and factual errors that misrepresent the long-term benefits to Sunrise shareholders. Liberty Global said that the report issued by ISS is “flawed” and the adviser”demonstrated a surprisingly poor understanding of the telecom industry”.

What is CPR?

The ‘Construction Projects Regulation’ aims to break down technical barriers and provide a common technical language to assess the performance of construction products and to harmonise the rules for marketing these products.

Four Key Concepts of CPR:
? A system of harmonised technical specifications
? A framework of notified bodies
? A system of conformity assessment for each product family
? CE marking of products

For more information please click – Understanding CPR

Open letter identifies four barriers to deployment

The UK broadband industry has responded to boasts by Prime Minister Boris Johnson that the country will get full fibre coverage by 2025.

Key figures in the industry have said that this target is only achievable if the government eliminates several barriers to network rollout ? and quickly.

The government official target for such deployment is currently 2033,but Boris Johnson said during the Conservative leadership election that he wanted to bring this forward to the mid-2020s. He has not given any indication of how this would be achieved.

˙ Boris Johnson laughs off fibre targets

˙ Openreach recruits more fibre engineers

˙ EE to launch 5G in 2019

Full fibre pledge

An open letter, signed by the heads of the Internet Service Providers Association (ISPA) the Federation of Communications Services (FCS) and the Independent Networks Co-operative Association (INCA), has identified four key barriers to be resolved.

These include calls for planning reform to make it easier, cheaper and quicker to build and upgrade infrastructure, the abolition of business rates on fibre, and laws that require new-build homes to include provisions for full fibre connectivity.

There also concerns that Brexit will make it difficult to assemble the vast workforce required to build out full coverage by 2025. Telcos want guarantees of access to skilled labour and more skills training.

?The industry stands ready to rise to this challenge, but we need a Prime Minister who can provide the direction, idealism and commitment to fulfil this ambition,” said the letter. ?We call on you to give a full commitment that your Government will give us the tools we need to deliver future-proof connections across the UK.

?While the ?3-5bn of public funding indicated by Government will be crucial to deliver connectivity to the hardest to reach areas, a concerted effort is needed from Government to remove significant regulatory barriers in the immediate term. Removing these barriers will 2 enable better use of private and public investment to roll out fibre further and faster.”

Openreach CEO Clive Selley has previously said that the target was a?stretch” but not out of the question if the right support was given to the industry. Meanwhile BT CEO Philip Jansen has lent his support to the idea.

?We welcome the Government’s ambition for full fibre broadband across the country and we are confident we will see further steps to stimulate investment,”he said. ?We are ready to play our part to accelerate the pace of rollout, in a manner that will benefit both the country and our shareholders, and we are engaging with the Government and Ofcom on this.”

BT is not the only company investing in full fibre infrastructure, with Virgin Media, TalkTalk, CityFibre, Hyperoptic and Gigaclear among those building out networks.

By Steve McCaskill

Vodafone’s month hints at future strategy

As the operator responsible for the first mobile phone call in the UK,Vodafone has a long and storied history in the world of telecommunications.

But July 2019 will go down as one of the more eventful months in Vodafone’s 30 year history. It started with the launch of 5G services in the UK and concluded with the takeover of Liberty Global’s central European cable networks.

But in truth, the Newbury-based operator has rarely been out of the headlines. Aside from product launches and acquisitions, there have been sales,spin-offs, and tales of boardroom politics.

The events have not only underlined the challenges facing the company but have also given an even clearer indication of the company’s future strategy.

˙ Vodafone agrees deal for Liberty assets

˙ Vodafone-Liberty deal is big for EU telecoms

˙ 5G in the UK: the what,where and how much

Takeovers

Convergence has been the buzzword at Vodafone UK for several years.Achieving growth has become more difficult in the mobile market, meaning the company has moved to aggressively expand its fibre footprint through network builds, acquisitions and partnerships.

The ?18.4 billion takeover of Liberty Global assets in the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary and Romania was one the final acts of former CEO Vittorio Colao’s tenure and is designed to accelerate this strategy even further.

Earlier in July, Vodafone received EU approval for the transaction ? one of the final barriers to completion? and on the final day of the month, the deal was sealed.

But the takeover has increased Vodafone’s debt and its balance sheet,leading some to question the wisdom of the deal at a time when significant capital is required to invest in the spectrum and infrastructure upgrades required for 5G networks.

The 5G spectrum auctions in Germany and Italy in particular have resulted in a couple of nasty surprises ? and billions of euros in licensing fees.

Dividend cut

These factors, along with others, resulted in the company announcing it would reduce its dividend for the first time as an independent company. Such a move would be unpopular at the best of times, but investors are usually more tolerant if the cut is used to fund a major investment programme that promises long-term gains.

However, Vodafone shareholders ? already concerned at the declining value of their stakes ? were reportedly unhappy at the move because the company had promised only six months prior that the dividend would not be slashed.

In a bid to appease shareholders, both Group CEO Nick Read CFO Margherita Della Valle requested a 20 per cent cut in their share bonuses.

Vodafone has undertaken several measures to reduce its debt pile,including the sale of Vodafone New Zealand for ?2.1 billion ? a deal also completed on the final day of the month.

Tower spin-off

But it is through infrastructure sharing and monetisation that Vodafone sees the most promise ? not just in improving its balance sheet, but also in making network rollout more efficient.

Vodafone has more than 110,00 towers across the continent, estimated to be worth more than ?12 billion. These assets have the capability to generate new revenue streams and accelerate the pace and scope of its 5G rollout.

It’s why earlier this month, Vodafone confirmed plans to create Europe’s largest tower company, commanding control of nearly 62,000 towers in ten countries. The company is tasked with identifying monetisation options -such as offering space to third parties – and could eventually float on the stock exchange.

Any revenue generated from the business or from an IPO would be used to reduce its debt.

Networking sharing

Vodafone itself is pursuing an active and passive network sharing strategy, believing this will enable it to roll out 5G quicker, cheaper and faster, as demonstrated by two other deals this July.

In the UK, Vodafone has expanded its passive infrastructure sharing agreement with O2 to cover 5G. The ‘Cornerstone’ joint-venture will have greater powers will be given to Cornerstone in order to improve efficiencies and identify monetisation options.

And in Italy, Vodafone is merging its masts into TIM’s tower business in exchange for cash and a stake in the company. The enlarged INWIT will now control 22,000 masts, increasing the potential for monetisation, and will have two anchor tenants in the form of TIM and Vodafone Italy.

As one of the world’s largest mobile operators, its never dull at Vodafone. The past decade has seen it contend with challenging market conditions, make major acquisitions and sales, and embark on major investment programmes.

There’s no doubt that there are challenges ahead, but a bounce in the firm’s share price suggests the moves it has made are inspiring some confidence among investors about its future prospects.

For now, however, it will be hoping that August is quieter than July.

By Steve McCaskill

Researchers develop wireless transceiver ?quadruple the speed of 5G”

The last few months have seen several telecommunications companies ramping up their 5G efforts, with Vodafone switching on its 5G network in some parts of the UK earlier this month.

However,electrical engineers at the University of California have developed wireless transceiver that could operate at ?quadruple the speed of 5G”.

5G offers speeds of operate within the range of 28 to 38 gigahertz, twenty times faster than 4G. However, a team at the Nano scale Communication Integrated Circuits Labs has gone one step further with the development of a end-to-end transmitter-receiver.

The wireless transceiver is a 4.4-millimeter-square silicon chip that boasts radio frequencies of 100 gigahertz thanks to its unique digital-analogue architecture. This brings it into the realm of 6G, which is expected to eventually work at 100 gigahertz and above.

?We call our chip ‘beyond 5G’ because the combined speed and data rate that we can achieve is two orders of magnitude higher than the capability of the new wireless standard,” explained senior author Payam Heydari, NCIC Labs director and UCI professor of electrical engineering & computer science.

?In addition, operating in a higher frequency means that you and I and everyone else can be given a bigger chunk of the bandwidth offered by carriers.”

Wirelesstransceiver targets performance of fibre optics

Researchers in this field have long wanted to develop wireless systems that can offer the same performance and speeds of fibre optic networks, which would have significant implications for the telecommunications industry.

However, they have faced hurdles due to physical limitations in digital processing. NCIC Labs developed a chip architecture that relaxes digital processing requirements by modulating the digital parts in the analogue and radio-frequency domains.

Heydari said that as well as enabling the transmission of signals in the range of 100 gigahertz, the transceiver’s layout means that it uses considerably less energy than current systems at a reduced overall cost.

Transmitters and receivers able to handle high-frequency data communications could also enable emerging wireless technologies such as the internet of things and autonomous vehicles.

Co-author Huan Wang, a UCI doctoral student in electrical engineering & computer science and an NCIC Labs member said:
?Our innovation eliminates the need for miles of fiber-optic cables in data centers, so data farm operators can do ultra-fast wireless transfer and save considerable money on hardware, cooling and power.”

Top 5 Supercomputers from TOP 500 list all sporting petaflops in abundance

By Abigail Opiah

The TOP 500 project has released a list of500 supercomputers, but this time, all 500 systems deliver a petaflop or moreon the High Performance Linpack (HPL) benchmark, with the entry level to thelist now at 1.022 petaflops.

The benchmark the project decided on was Linpack, which means that systemsare ranked only by their ability to solve a set of linear equations, A x = b,using a dense random matrix A.

The top of the list remains largely unchanged, according to TOP500, but hasseen the addition of two new entries in the top 10, one of which was anexisting system that was upgraded with additional capacity.

Here is the top 5!

Summit and Sierra

Two IBM-built supercomputers, Summit and Sierra, installed at the Departmentof Energy?s Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee and Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory in California, respectively, retain the first two positionson the list.

Both derive their computational power from Power 9 CPUs and NVIDIA V100GPUs. The Summit system slightly improved its HPL result from six months ago,delivering 148.6 petaflops, while the number two Sierra system remainsunchanged at 94.6 petaflops.

The Sunway TaihuLight

The Sunway TaihuLight, a system developed by China?s National ResearchCentre of Parallel Computer Engineering & Technology (NRCPC) and installedat the National SupercomputingCentre in Wuxi, China, holds the number three position with 93.0petaflops. It?s powered by more than 10 million SW26010 processor cores.

Tianhe-2A

At number four is the Tianhe-2A (Milky Way-2A) supercomputer, developed byChina?s National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) and deployed at theNational Supercomputer Centre in Guangzhou, China.

It used a combination of Intel Xeon and Matrix-2000 processors to achieve anHPL result of 61.4 petaflops.

Frontera

Frontera, the only new supercomputer in the top 10, attained its number fiveranking by delivering 23.5 petaflops on HPL.

The Dell C6420 system, powered by Intel Xeon Platinum 8280 processors, isinstalled at the Texas Advanced Computing Centre of the University of Texas.

Others on the list included, Piz Daint, Trinity, a Cray XC40 system operatedby Los Alamos National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories improves itsperformance to 20.2 petaflops, and the AI Bridging Cloud Infrastructure (ABCI)which is installed in Japan at the National Institute of Advanced IndustrialScience and Technology (AIST).

China claims the most TOP500 systems, with 219, followed by the UnitedStates, with 116. Japan is in third place with 29 systems, followed by France,with 19, the United Kingdom, with 18, and Germany with 14.

Vodafone has announced that their new 5Gnetwork, which promises average mobile broadband speeds of 150-200 Mbps and peaks upto 1Gbps, has now started rolling out into Birkenhead, Bolton, Gatwick,Lancaster, Newbury, Plymouth,Stoke-on-Trent and Wolverhampton after initiallyonly going live in a few major cities.

The live deployment started earlier this month on 3rd July 2019 (here)in the busiest parts of Cardiff, Birmingham, Bristol,Liverpool, London,Manchester and Glasgow (the Isles of Scilly were also on the list). After today’supdate their network is now live in parts of 15 UK towns and cities.

On top of that the operatorsaid they were also widening their 5G roaming footprint today by adding 20towns and cities across Germany to the 35 places already on their 5G Europeanroaming network, which will go live sometime this summer. Once ready both UKconsumers and business customers will be able to roam over 5G in parts ofGermany, Italy and Spain at no additional cost.

NickJeffery, Vodafone UK CEO, said:

?Vodafone’s global presencemeans we can provide our consumer and business customers with 5G in moredestinations than any other UK provider. Combined with our new unlimited dataplans, we are offering customers the best roaming experience ever. They won’thave to hunt for Wi-Fi or rely on often expensive and slow hotel connections;they can use their 5G smartphones to enjoy faster roaming.”

Vodafone added that ?customers can also use[our] newunlimited data plans with 5G roaming,” which they said meansyou won’t be left ?worrying about running out of dataor running up a large bill” (this is also available on their4G network across 77 destinations).However they neglect to mention that roamingdata itself is not in fact ?unlimited“and thesmall print on their website states: ?Roamingdata on all unlimited data plans is capped at 25GB per month in inclusiveroaming & ?6/dayroaming destinations.”